Research Note on E-Commerce Online Transaction & Security

Question: The point E-trade online exchange and security and exploration report? Answer: Improvement of Ideas As indicated by my insight, in the current 21st century, the time of innovation is advancing at a very fast pace, and in this specific stage, I have recognized dominant part of the associations are acquiring and building a base of upper hand by the examination of data in regards to various perspectives identified with the commercial center, alongside the various stages accessible for the presentation of business exercises (Bolton, 2008). All these various stages have consistently been inside the extent of my advantage and thus, I chose to explore on the various stages utilized by organizations for the deal and acquisition of merchandise and enterprises. On the finishing of my examination, I had the option to find that e-organizations are being considered critical in the settings of the business association. Learning Process and Issues Involved In this manner, I had the option to conclude this would be the primary subject for my examination. In any case, to manage the realities and data of this idea, there was an expanded requirement for having a more extensive point of view that needs abilities for directing auxiliary exploration. Thusly, the point that can be expressed is that abilities of auxiliary examination had been acquired by me in the span of which I had been leading this specific exploration. This had contributed in advancing my profession at an incredibly huge pace inside the up and coming future. Understanding of Events and Perspectives In the most explicit sense, this examination had helped me in picking up the fitness at two diverse noteworthy bearings identified with the optional exploration. Right off the bat, I had been fruitful in organizing the optional type of information. Incredibly, I saw that there is accessibility of huge information concerning a particular or other related subjects in various hotspots for the assortment of optional information that incorporates web, papers, magazines, diaries and books. The flow understanding of examination has helped me to recognize that there is no physical opportunities for leading an investigation of every single information accessible in connection with the topic of exploration created by me for fundamental reasons. In agreement to this, while I was at the phase of introducing the writing audit, I had the option to comprehend that it is amazingly significance for organizing the auxiliary information in connection with the exploration question. This ought to be done as per the arrangement of significant measures like the accreditations and the power I hold in leading this specific exploration in a fruitful and moral way (Bolton, 2008). The following period of fundamentally breaking down the optional information was likewise incredibly fascinating. End I knew about the way that this specific stage is a significant commitment in the experience of examination for understanding the degree of information and competency I hold in my own particular field. As a creator and an analyst, I was exceptionally centered around relating the advancement of essential mentality as per the accessibility of optional information. There was an expanded requirement for recognizing that before being locked in inside the examination, I was inclined towards tolerating greater part of the perspectives expressed by various profoundly scholastic analysts. References Agarwal, A. (2008).Impact of front-end convenience rules on assessments of E-business site pages, Saarbrucken, Germany: VDM, Verlag Dr. Muller. Gasson, S. (2003).The effect of internet business innovation broadcasting in real time travel industry, Hershey, PA: Idea Group Pub. Gouge, I. (2003).E-administration, London: Springer. Hedley, S., Aplin, T. (2008) Blackstone's rules on IT and web based business, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Laudon, K., Traver, C. (2002).E-trade, Boston: Addison Wesley. Rajput, W. (2000).E-Commerce frameworks design and applications, Boston, Mass.: Artech House. Rosenberg, R. (2004).The social effect of PCs, Amsterdam: Elsevier Academic Press. Schwerpunk, K. (2003). Web based business/M-Commerce/T-Commerce. Der Markt,42(2), pp. 103-103. Schwerpunk, K. (2003). Web based business/M-Commerce/T-Commerce.Der Markt,42(1), pp. 64-64. Zappala, S., Gray, C. (2006).Impact of web based business on buyers and little firms, Aldershot, England: Ashgate.

Geologist :: essays research papers fc

Geologist The objective in mineral exploraion is to discover imperious meatless. It’s what they call Ore. Metal is a mineral that have a great deal of significant worth. To discover metal you need to recognize target zones. Additional time thin it down and pin point the metal of the minerals. The manner in which geologists do this is first they would take a gander at land maps that show worth diverse stone sorts. In some cases they use maps that individuals have just made. Geologist likewise utilizes geophysical maps to discover the various properties of rocks. Geologist utilize attractive instruments to discover were attractive rocks are. The stones that have metal in them are attractive. Gold and silver have diverse electrical signals at that point rocks without gold and silver.  â â â â â â â â â â Step two is to go in the field and attempt to discover the stones. At that point geologist would pick various kinds of soil, and rock tests. At that point they would take the examples to the toilet a break down them. In the event that they are a high measure of gold, silver, and zinc. Geologist would call that a decent zone.  â â â â â â â â â â If the site looked encouraging then the following stage is they would get a drill. What's more, they would penetrate through the stone somewhere in the range of 100 to 500 feet. At that point a geologist would take a gander at the stone examples from boring and have them tried at a lab.  â â â â â â â â â â The instructive necessities for a geologist are at least a bachelor’s qualification in topography. The normal pay for a year is somewhere in the range of 25,00 to 70,000.  â â â â â â â â â â Right now there are a great deal of openings for work for geologist in South America. That’s why I would decide to live and work in South America. The geology in South America is rough mountain landscape. Some relaxation exercises are skiing,snowboarding, and hiking. That’s why I figure South America would be an incredible spot to live for my kind of employment.

Math Learning Resources from Genius Plaza!

Math Learning Resources from Genius Plaza! TeacherVision is pleased and proud to feature a collection of learning resources from Genius Plaza, a leading purely bilingual career education platform. Focused on college and career readiness, Genius Plaza provides a solid foundation in math and reading, offers parent and teacher engagement tools, and culturally-relevant treatment of subjects ranging from science to language arts. our way to a million dollars! Students choose correct answers for  multiple choice, fill-in-the-blank questions focused on basic understanding of ones, tens, hundreds, and thousands.                       Place Value: Hundreds, Tens, and Ones Video This engaging and colorful  video teaches students the basics of place value using hundreds, tens,  and ones.                           Millionaire Game: (Place Value Ones Through Millions) Students will expand their knowledge of place value (and collect cash in the process!) by answering a group of multiple choice, fill-in-the-blank questions covering place value from ones all the way through millions!                 Genius Plaza Genius Plaza is an education platform dedicated to democratizing education, embodying the ideal that access to information equals access to opportunity. As the first multicultural education platform built for diverse communities, Genius Plaza removes this obstacle by providing engaging, practical, research-based curriculum where students are the protagonists of their learning. We bring the best quality education to communities around the world, providing access to the strongest, culturally relevant math, science and language arts content offered.has expanded its reach to close the academic achievement gap among students across the globe.

Marx And Engels s Impact On Society - 1349 Words

â€Å"to a mere money relation,† (Marx and Engels [1848] 2013:35]. Marx, saw the tear down of the old as the only way for the bourgeoisie to survive. Periodically, a crisis occurred where productive forces threatened their conditions and bourgeoisie would have to bring in new productive forces and destroy the old. Marx believed that these changes to technology and productive capacity were the main influence on how society and the economy were organized. The bourgeoisie had to push for the modern world to quickly and continually develop to protect capitalists’ monopolies. However, constant development caused continual disturbances of social conditions by breaking down stable aspects of human life. Capitalist used their power to push the world to advance so that they could prosper with no concerns to the possible effects on the economy, which would have been most detrimental to the proletariat. For Marx, this showed that capitalists’ self-interest pushed eco nomic progress, which led to societal progress but also risked crisis. Capitalism not only affected society through the creation and separation of social classes but also in influencing societal progress and social relations. The bourgeoisie created capitalism using revolutionarily activity but in doing so it also created the proletarians who Marx believed could use revolution to bring an end to capitalism. The proletariats were a class that depended on selling their labor to survive. Being just another commodityShow MoreRelatedThe Root Of Female Subjugation1258 Words   |  6 PagesKhadidja Arfi Paper One: Marx Engels Identifying the root of female subjugation in society is a conundrum that extends over numerous decades and on into present day, time and time again. Some scholars and feminists have frequently deemed the biological make-up of woman and their aptitude to reproduce the source of gender oppression. 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It wasn’t until 1871, when the Paris Commune occurred, that the Communist Manifesto began to have a huge impact on the working class all over the world.[i] The Paris Commune, whichRead MoreKarl Marx s Influence On Society1423 Words   |  6 PagesKarl Marx may be regarded as one of the most influential thinkers and his views on how society functions have shaped the development of socialist and economic theories. Political philosophers have developed a variety of enlightened ideologies depicting how governments and societies are organized over the course of history. Marx’s influence by Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel would lead to Marx’s view of history known as historical materialism, â€Å"Life is not determined by consciousness, but consciousnessRead MoreViolence Is The Fundamental Factor That Defines The Meaning And Practice Of Colonization1607 Words   |  7 Pagesviolence is not limited to playing a significant role in just colonisation. Marx and Engels’ The Communist Manifesto encompasses ideas of violence in social revolution and communism. In Marx’s theory, Marx writes of a Communist Revo lution. The forces of the bourgeoisie and the proletariat classes clash with the attempt to overthrow existing social systems through violence. Although violence holds negative connotations, Fanon and Marx show that it is both inescapable and necessary for all political agendasRead MoreKarl Marx And The German Political System1427 Words   |  6 PagesKarl Marx was born on May 5th 1818 in Trier, Germany, which was then known as the Kingdom of Prussia. Karl was a philosopher, economist, sociologist, journalist, and revolutionary socialist. His work in economics laid the basis for much of the current understanding of labor and it’s relation to capital, and subsequent economic thought. He was born into a wealthy upper middle-class family. He attended school at the University of Bonn and later he studied law and philosophy at the University of BerlinRead MoreCommunism: A Theory Or System Of Social Organization Based1597 Words   |  7 Pagesascribed to the community as a whole or to the state (Dictionary.com). Communism is the ideology that abolishes all private property, and claims to abolish all social classes. The Communist Manifesto was a publication written by Karl Marx and Frederick Engels in 1847 and published in 1848. It was written to provide the platform of the Communist Party. Their intention in writing it was to convince all the people that composed the proletariat class that Communism was the way to govern a nation.

Mauvais - French Expressions

The French word mauvais literally means bad and is also used in many idiomatic expressions. Learn how to say mean trick, weed, ill repute, and more with this list of expressions with mauvais. French Expressions Using Mauvais avoir mauvaise mine to look unhealthy La balle est mauvaise. (tennis) The ball is out. faire un mauvais coup to play a mean trick (on someone) se faire du mauvais sang to worry en mauvais tat in bad condition un mauvais contact faulty connection un mauvais coucheur awkward customer une mauvaise excuse poor excuse la mauvaise graine bad seed, bad lot une mauvaise herbe weed une mauvaise langue a gossip un mauvais lieu place of ill repute le mauvais il evil eye Les mauvais ouvriers ont toujours de mauvais outils. (proverb) A bad workman always blames his tools. mauvais rapport qualit-prix poor value le mauvais temps bad weather regarder lil mauvais to look threatening, to fix someone with a threatening look recevoir un mauvais coup to get a nasty blow

Zara Fast Fashion Giant Free Essays

Ezra is one of the world’s largest and fastest growing apparel retailers, owing to a unique blend of business practices and an Internal culture that many might say run â€Å"counter- intuitive† to those of competing U. S. Retailers. We will write a custom essay sample on Zara Fast Fashion Giant or any similar topic only for you Order Now More recently, however, Industry analysts have started to suggest that the â€Å"fast fashion† business model that has made Ezra so successful over the past decade has run Its course and the very notion of disposable fashion is being rejected by the all important millennial market segment. Sing at least one of the company/industry related databases available to you at the Marcus (or some other) Library, as well as the attached articles and case studies, please provide a 5 page assessment of, and proposal for, Ezra as follows: Context: Briefly outline the scope of the company’s operations, including # of stores, the countries in which it operates, # of employees, annual volume and its history. HISTORY Ezra Is owned by Entitled AS (Industrial De Oodles Textile AS) headquartered In Rattler La Corona Spain with companies under the name of Ezra are located In the areas sites below. Entitled sells on a global scale, with 4,900 shops In about 75 countries under different names such as Ezra, Shoo, Misaims Adult, Pull and Bear, Berserk, Strabismus, Ezra Home, and torque. Inedited reported that for 2014 sales they made $22. 76 billion with a one year sales growth. Their net income was $3. 24 billion which was a one year net income growth. Their total assets were $18. 72 billion with a market value of $81. 85 billion. Ezra Span AS headquartered in Artesia, La Corona Spain is the flagship brand for Inedited AS and is considered the â€Å"cheap-chic subsidiary. Ezra runs about 2,350 stores in major cities worldwide, as well as, some 165 Ezra Kids shops in 75 countries and 125 shops across Canada, the US, and Mexico. Ezra Is considered a chain and sells women’s, men’s and children’s apparel. They also offer plus-size and maternity lines. I didn’t locate any information regarding who sells the plus-size and maternity garments and they are not sold online. Ezra began In 1975 and Is Index’s mall chain and brings In more than two- thirds of its total sales. Ninety-nine percent of Ezra stores are company-owned and other franchises or joint ventures. COMPANY’S OPERATION Ezra produces 840 million garments per year, no extra Inventory is shipped to the stores unless there Is a demand for a particular garment. Ezra has eight brands Ezra, Ezra Home, Berserk, Misaims Adult, Shoo, Strabismus, Pull Bear, Torque. They produce trendy, decently made but Inexpensive products sold In beautifully hybrid looking stores located in prime shopping areas such as Redo Drive in Los compared to HM and the quality is better. You can purchase a sweater at Ezra at a low price of $39. 95 for women and at the high for $89. 5. Winter Coats with no lining UN around $190 and winter coats with lining run around $250 up. Sara’s top competitors Gap, H and El Cortex Angles. Ezra The Gap El Correct Angles Annual Sales $1. BIB $16. BIB $19. BIB $12. BIB Employees 136,000 81,099 Market Cap $17,096. MM $70,212. MM Strategic Positioning: 1 . ) Briefly explain how the company implements the Six Elements of the Retail Mix as discussed in class and addre ssed in our text; Pricing, Location, Store Layout, Communication Mix, Customer Service and Merchandise Assortment. Ezra has a clear focus and vision in the clothing market because they have captured the needs of their customers. They have shortened the conventional supply chain response time from 5-7 months to 2-oh months. Ezra makes about of their raw material. The remaining 60% is outsourced from within Spain, mostly from the La Curran. Designing of clothes at Ezra is done by creative teams of over 300 professionals at the headquarters in La Curran, Spain. After the garments are sewn, the clothes are returned to Sara’s facilities for ironing by an assembly line of workers. Sara’s merchandise assortment is great in terms of color, styles and accessories for women, men and children. The clothing sizes are based on European body types which are rustically small than American body types. After this, the clothing items are wrapped in plastic and transported on conveyor belts to a group of giant warehouses. In the warehouse, the customized machines patterned after the equipment used by overnight parcel services, sorts, packs, labels, and allocates clothing items for shipment to Sara’s retail stores. For Sara’s retail stores within a 24- hour drive, goods are delivered by truck whereas goods meant for stores beyond 24- hour drive are delivered by cargo Jets. On a global average of 17 visits per customer prevents any bottlenecks in the vertical integration supply chain. Ezra is constantly communicating with retail managers regarding what their customer’s needs are. Such as, what styles are selling, comments customers make about design features they like or don’t like. Sara’s inventory supply is small and they make frequent shipments to all their stores. The quick turnaround of merchandise helps generate revenue, reduce inventory, eliminate debt and keep their customers happy. The competitors rely heavily on end of season sales and â€Å"black Friday’ sales in order to reduce inventory and eliminate debt. 2. ) How does Sara’s execution of this mix ampere to that of a primary Intricate competitor. Sara’s competitors rely on their products being designed in one location, shipped to a company overseas to make the clothes and shipped to a distribution center where the garments are inspected and then shipped to the various store locations. The vertical integration in the supply chain definitely creates challenges for the designers, who have are competing with other designers having garments produced by the same manufacturer and factory closes schedules. If products are delayed, the company’s risk not having products in their stores on time. Additional challenges for designers are working one to two years in advanced on lines per season. Their stores introduce new products during the four seasons (fall, holiday, winter, spring/ summer). Surplus inventory is stored in their distribution centers and shipped to the stores when they need to restock, fill special orders and complete online orders. Sara’s competitors conduct sales in order to deplete their inventory and to prepare for the next season of merchandise. The challenge with this process is that it generally creates overstock in the store’s storage room and added pressures to the employees who work in these areas. 3. What do you believe Ezra does particularly well or poorly? Explain your reasoning. *Advertising – Prices should compare to online logbook. Sara’s strategic competitive advantage is that they change their merchandise weekly, their prices are affordable and of great quality and finally I think having their merchandised arranged in the store by color with the accessories was a great idea. H has their merchandised arranged by color but some stores are overflowing with products that you get lost. H also has a separate section for shoes and accessories whereas Ezra does not. The Gap’s store layout is and they do a great Job with the store layout. Women’s merchandise will have more colors and selections and an organized, clutter free shopping space is definitely, at least for me, a great way to shop. H and the Gap sales are so awesome that customers are not concerned with the store appearance Just the great sales. 4. ) Based on what you have read and researched, provide a summary of Sara’s Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SOOT Analysis); the Times articles provide good insight on this. Action Plan: Based on what you have determined about the company, provide 3-5 specific proposals for how Ezra may continue on its growth trajectory. Be sure to revived support for your reasoning. I really enjoyed visiting the store and Sara’s website. I think Ezra could improve in the several areas: 1. By offering the same sizes online as in the store, I think would increase in gaining additional customers who many not be able to visit one of the brick-n-mortar locations. This would also benefit those customers who rushed for a quick look at the merchandise, had time to try on several items but the POS line was too long, but they notice Ezra had a website. The customer finds out the item isn’t offered in her size. As a result, a customer is lost and may never return. Adding a plus line may be beneficial. I tried on several beautiful coats but they didn’t fit and I’m not a plus size. The largest size was a large in many of the coats. They do have several other merchandise that are offered in XSL. I checked with the sales person and it wasn’t offered in XSL. It would be wise to offer all merchandi se in all the sizes that are available in some merchandise. 3. I know it’s the European culture to not approach customers to ask them if they need assistance. Some goes for some American cultures, but we do like to have sales people available who can answer questions without approaching the POS clerk. I think this would be a good move. Grading criteria remains: 1 . ) Full coverage of all questions/topics 2. ) Evidence of critical thinking and reasoning 4. ) The â€Å"wow’ factor that takes the assignment beyond what has been requested Please see article links below http://thirstiest. In/articles/Imaginations_Ezra_Part_I. PDF http://thirstiest. In/ articles/Imaginations_Ezra_Part_II. PDF http://www. Businesslike. Com/news/2012-11-08/gap-gains-with-Ezra-responding-to- into-the-worlds-largest-fashion-retailer. HTML? How to cite Zara Fast Fashion Giant, Papers Zara Fast Fashion Giant Free Essays Using at least one of the company/industry related databases available to you at the Marcus (or some other) Library, as well as the attached articles and case studies, please provide a 5 page assessment of, and proposal for, Ezra as follows: Context: Briefly outline the scope of the company’s operations, including # of stores, the countries in which it operates, # of employees, annual volume and its history. Ezra is owned by Inedited AS (Industrial De Dieses Textile AS) headquartered in Artesia La Corona Spain with companies under the name of Ezra are located in the areas sited below. Inedited sells on a global scale, with 4,900 shops in about 75 countries under different names such as Ezra, Shoo, Misaims Duty, Pull and Bear, Berserk, Strabismus, Ezra Home, and Torque. We will write a custom essay sample on Zara Fast Fashion Giant or any similar topic only for you Order Now Inedited reported that for 2014 sales they made $22. 76 billion with a one year sales growth. Their net income was $3. 24 billion which was a one year net income growth. Their total assets were $18. 72 billion with a market value of $81. 85 billion. Ezra Spans AS headquartered in Artesia, La Corona Spain is the flagship brand for Inedited AS and is considered the â€Å"cheap-chic subsidiary. Ezra runs about 2,350 stores in major cities worldwide, as well as, some 165 Ezra Kids shops in 75 countries and 125 shops across Canada, the US, and Mexico. Ezra is considered a chain and sells women’s, men’s and children’s apparel. They also offer plus-size and maternity lines. I didn’t locate any information regarding who sells the plus-size and maternity garments and they are not sold online. Ezra began in 1975 and is Indies’s main chain and brings in more than two- thirds of its total sales. Ninety-nine percent of Ezra stores are company-owned and other franchises or Joint ventures. Ezra has a clear focus and vision in the clothing market because they have captured the needs of heir customers. They have shortened the conventional supply chain response time from 5-7 months to 2-eh months. Ezra makes about of their raw material. The remaining 60% is outsourced from within Spain, mostly from the La Curran. Designing of clothes at Ezra is done by creative teams of over 300 professionals at the headquarters in La Curran, Spain. After the garments are sewn, the clothes are returned to Sara’s facilities for ironing by an assembly line of workers. Sara’s merchandise assortment is great in terms of color, styles and accessories for women, men and children. The clothing sizes are based on European body types which are rustically small than American body types. After this, the clothing items are wrapped in plastic and transported on conveyor belts to a group of giant warehouses. In the warehouse, the customized machines patterned after the equipment used by overnight parcel services, sorts, packs, labels, and allocates clothing items for shipment to Sara’s retail stores. For Sara’s retail stores within a 24- hour drive, goods are delivered by truck whereas goods meant for stores beyond 24- hour drive are delivered by cargo Jets. On a global average of 17 visits per customer per year. This is higher than the three visits to its competitors. This process prevents any bottlenecks in the vertical integration supply chain. Ezra is constantly communicating with retail managers regarding what their customer’s needs are. Such as, what styles are selling, comments customers make about design features they like or don’t like. Sara’s inventory supply is small and they make frequent shipments to all their stores. The quick turnaround of merchandise helps generate revenue, reduce inventory, eliminate debt and keep their customers happy. The competitors rely heavily on end of season sales and â€Å"black Friday’ sales in order to reduce inventory and eliminate debt. 2. How does Sara’s execution of this mix compare to that of a primary Intricate competitor. Sara’s competitors rely on their products being designed in one location, shipped to a company overseas to make the clothes and shipped to a distribution center where the garments are inspected and then shipped to the various store locations. The vertical integration in the supply chain definitely creates challenges for the designers, who have are competing with other designers having garments produced by the same manufacturer and factory closes schedules. If products are delayed, the company’s risk not having products in their stores on time. Additional challenges for designers are working one to two years in advanced on lines per season. Their stores introduce new products during the four seasons (fall, holiday, winter, spring/ summer). Surplus inventory is stored in their distribution centers and shipped to the stores when they need to restock, fill special orders and complete online orders. Sara’s competitors conduct sales in order to deplete their inventory and to prepare for the next season of merchandise. The challenge with this process is that it generally creates overstock in the store’s storage room and added pressures to the employees who work in these areas. 3. What do you believe Ezra does particularly well or poorly? Explain your reasoning. *Advertising – Prices should compare to online logbook. Prices are lower in U. S. Although, Ezra is the leader in getting new styles to the customers on a weekly basis, the customers must be aware that you must try on garments because they are based on European sizes which meaner they fit smaller than their competitors. 3. ) Explain what is meant by the term â€Å"strategic competitive advantage† and identify the way(s) in which Ezra has established one vs.. Its primary competitors; the Data cases can be helpful here. How to cite Zara Fast Fashion Giant, Essays

Research and Compare Higher Education Institutions free essay sample

According to NEE, the faculty involvement in governance is essential in high education. Research support provided to the institution the give information to administration of methods in instruction and developing curriculum. Academic Educational leaders at any level academic leaders at any level are it a dean, department head, provost, vice president, or president should be leading by example, be generous with their time and know-how and be effective and supportive mentors. They are expected to take an active interest in people, giving advice and support whenever required (Argosy 2012).Argosy (2012) identifies curriculum as the content and see nuance of knowledge or information imparted to learners during any stage of learning (Argosy 2012). Create a curriculum that is both sustainable and social / this in the broader sense means that the curriculum should be fashioned in a way that leaves enough scope for inquiry, dialogue, reflection, and action. The writer selected two institutions of higher education for an evaluation of the following: faculty governance, academic leadership, and curriculum design in each. The writer discussed the pros and cons of each and provides recommendations. Paso Hernandez Community College Curriculum Planning at EPOCH has very specific prerequisites, to meet the needs of the General Deed Requirement of 36 hours in addition to the 24 credit, hours required for completion of the AAA degree. Once students have completed the credits required for the AAA degree 60 credit hour, they qualify for graduation. The Colleges General Education curriculum makes sure that degree seeking students is exposed to diversity of disciplines.Students Entering are given a Placement Test or the Postsecondary Educational Readiness Test for advisement and placement of computation and communication courses (Paso Hernandez 2012). Programs are offered to sophomores and freshman who expect to transfer to Baccalaureate Degree program (credit courses). The State University System (US) programs have established common prerequisites for the State of Florida. EPOCH offers student credit repair curriculum for the academically challenged student, allowing more one on one time with the instructor and emphasizing on building stronger academic skills.Students will be more prepared for the college preparatory requirements prior to graduating. The college requires students take and pass the College Level Academic Skills (CLASS) exam. Lake Sumter Community College Faculty Governance at Lake Sumter Community College, like 27 other community colleges in Florida, is governed by local and independent Board of Trustees. All policies must be in accordance with Florida Statutes and State Board of Education Rules, so that the mission of the College is executed. The President is responsible for implementing the policies through the College administration, faculty and staff (Lake Sumter 2012).Academic Leadership at ILLS includes the Board of Trustees. This group is composed of nine members appointed by the Governor: Which is presented with power as the roof, cannot take any official action by one single Board member unless the entire group gives consent. The Board manages meetings in agreement with Florists Government in the Sunshine Law, which specifies that all college business and all discussions of college business must be advertised and available to the public when conducted by more than two members (Lake Sumter 2012) .Curriculum Instruction at ILLS the purpose of this Committee is to review all proposals related to curriculum and instructional matters, including course and program additions, deletions, modifications and textbooks. Recommendations will be made to the Vice-President of Academic Affairs for submission to the Presidents Cabinet and subsequent submission to the District Board of Trustees as appropriate (Lake Sumter 2012). | Faculty Governance I Academic Leadership I Curriculum Planning I Paso Hernandez Community College Cons managed by a board of trustees, which are appointed by the governor and confirmed by Florida Senate.Positively establish procedures for the operation of the college in accordance with Rules of the State Board of Education and Florida Statutes. I postoperatively and staff strive to provide all students with an optimistic and ratifying educational experience. Positive Well-credentialed faculty, strong support services, quality instruction, and opportunities to engage in social, intellectual and extracurricular activities are essential to student success. The faculty and staff strive to guide, teach, support, encourage, respect and motivate students.I positive(l College?s Educati on curriculum assures students to a diversity of disciplines. (2). Students must take an entry level exam for placement. (3). Programs are offered for students transferring to Baccalaureate Degree program (credit coo rues)/Foreign Lang Requirement Credit Repair Lake Sumter Community College I Positivistic of the President is related to all area of the college, local and state agencies, partners and other educational institutions.Leaders must model the colleges Excellence Philosophy and Standards to warrant staff meet standard set for Service Excellence Positively is governed by an independent, locally autonomous Board of Trustees. Contest who govern never have enough time and money to solve all the colleges problems I Positives team is made up of several different faculty and administration to ) Dean, Career and Technical Programs(2). Director of Baccalaureate Programs(3). Senior Manager Campus Student Services(4). Dean, General Education and Transfer Programs (5).Nine Faculty members Senior Support Staff level test CSCW adoption process includes steps for review and approval by Florida State Dept. Of Education and the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS). Positives(l) Addition, deletion, and of courses and programs must be approved by FOOD(2) Student must take entry for placement Sonless purport to build prior knowledge for future managerial opportunities Recommendations: In spite of the writers past ambivalence, she would encourage student to consider the community college experience.Out of the two colleges researched, EPOCH appears to have more prominent leadership as this is extremely vital for the assurance and trust that the student will receive the education they want and deserve. Regardless of the cost, background or reputation of faculty both institutions are suitable for ambitious, motivated and career orientated students. Both institutions have extensive curriculum planning available for upcoming students looking forward to trap answering their creed its to a Baccalaureate program.

Bio Of Norman Manely Essay Research Paper free essay sample

Bio Of Norman Manely Essay, Research Paper Biography of Norman Washington Manley Norman Washington Manley was born in Roxborough, Manchester, on July 4, 1839. He was the boy of Magaret and Thomas Albert Manley. He attended Beckford A ; Smith High school. Since his young person, Norman Manley began to demo intimations of illustriousness when it came to athleticss and intelligence, intimations which manifested themselves when Norman Manley attended Jamaica College. Norman Manley set records and gained national attending in the country of Track and Field and subsequently as the Jamaican political leader. Norman Manley was an exceeding jock. His most impressive and memorable public presentation was a 10 2nd clip in the 100-meter dash in 1911. This record became known throughout Jamaica as # 8220 ; the even time. # 8221 ; His record stood for an dumbfounding 41 old ages until Frank Hall broke it in 1952. That same twelvemonth Norman Manley # 8217 ; s eldest boy, Douglass Manley, eclipsed the record besides. Norman Manley # 8217 ; s athletic illustriousness continued through the 1912 Class 1 Championships. We will write a custom essay sample on Bio Of Norman Manely Essay Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Between 1910 and 1912, his college squad won two titles, chiefly because of Norman Manley # 8217 ; s parts. During the 1912 title twelvemonth, Norman Manley had another amazing public presentation in the 220 pace tally. His clip of 23 seconds level was really comparable to the old Olympic times in the 200 metres. He was without a uncertainty one of the fastest College work forces in the World. Norman Manley went to analyze at Oxford University in 1914 after being awarded the Rhodes scholarship. The First World War broke out and he enlisted to go a artilleryman in the Royal Artillery and was finally promoted to corporal. He was awarded the Military decoration and went on after the war to analyze jurisprudence in England. There he married his cousin Edna Swithenbank. They had two boies: Michael and Douglass. In 1922, Norman Manley returned to his fatherland of Jamaica and became a much sought after attorney. He holds the differentiation of neer losing a slaying instance he represented. By the late thirtiess, a hostile air arose in Jamaica concern ing revenue enhancements, labour work stoppages, and civil agitation. This would take to Manley imparting his adjutant to the workers and organizing the People’s National Party. Norman Manley founded the People # 8217 ; s National Party ( PNP ) in September 1938, and was elected its president for 31 back-to-back old ages until his retirement. As president of the PNP, Norman Manley fought for Universal Adult Suffrage. Through the PNP, he became a representative for Jamaica in the Federation of the West Indies, a group of states joined in an effort to compensate some common jobs. Norman Manley led the unprecedented motion to let the people of Jamaica to vote on whether or non to stay in the federation. Once the people voted to go forth the Federation, Norman Manley led the motion to outline a fundamental law so that Jamaica could go independent. He headed the commission that negotiated Jamaica # 8217 ; s independency from Great Britain. Once independency came, Norman Manley lost in the election to his cousin Alexander Bustamante of the Jamaica Labor Party, for the place of premier curate. Norman Manley # 8217 ; s boy, Michael, would subsequently travel on t o go premier curate of Jamaica. To this twenty-four hours, Norman Manley is known throughout Jamaica as the Right Excellent Norman Washington Manley. His birthday is celebrated in the state and so are his achievements. He is seen as the male parent of Jamaican political relations and a leader in Jamaica # 8217 ; s independency. He created the multi-party system in Jamaica and made the demands of the people the focal point of the authorities. Norman Manley passed off on September 2, 1969, but he will ever be remembered. I chose Norman Manley because of a household friend of mine. Mr. Roy Manley Sr. CPA is distantly related to Norman Manley. The household has a image of him in their house and I mistily retrieve them speaking about him many old ages ago. His name peaked my involvement and I wanted to larn more about their household history. After reading about this great adult male, what intrigued me most was his compassion for people and political power. These are both properties I look up to and endeavor to achieve.

Romeo And Juliet Essays - William Shakespeare, Kings Men

Romeo And Juliet Essays - William Shakespeare, Kings Men Romeo And Juliet Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, these amazing plays all originated from the single mind of William Shakespeare. The plays in which Shakespeare wrote, he wrote out of a very small educated mind a distinct love for the bible and of course, an imagination. The plays in which Shakespeare wrote were all written as an adult to, leaving his past to be misled into false claims. Shakespeare never wrote and autobiography and much is not known about his childhood sense it was never a real corner stone for people who enjoyed his plays and poems to think about, but as the saying goes, you cant understand your future till you understand your past. This strictly helps us interpret why each and every persons childhood, famous or not, is important. Do you know what kind of childhood Shakespeare had? Do you know where he started from? William Shakespeare was born in Stratford-upon-Avon in the Province of Warwickshire England in 1564 to John Shakespeare and Mary ( Arden ) Shakespeare. Stratford was a relatively prosperous market town ( Loxton 13 ) in middle England, which had a fairly large population. When William was three months old, the plague raged in Stratford ( Lee 10 ) and took the lives of many, and killed one out of every seven that was living in the town at that time. Lucky William and the Shakespeare family escaped the plague, and as from records, no one in the Shakespeare family had contracted the awful illness. The Shakespeare family was a close-knit one, and they had to be in those days. William Shakespeares family consisted of John, the father, Mary the mother, 3 brothers, Gilbert, Edmund, Richard, 4 sisters, Joan, Ann, another Joan, and Margaret, along with Shakespeares Grandfather and Grandmother( rarely heard of ). Although they could escape the plague they could not escape the overwhelming commonness of the death of infants in that time ( Lee 10 ). Mary the mother of William Shakespeare was the daughter of Robert Arden and Had, In all, Eight Children with John Shakespeare ( Gray 3 ). The first daughter of Mary and John was Joan, who died at birth in 1558. The second born to the couple was the daughter Margaret, which was born in 1562 and died a year later in 1563. The third child born to John and Mary, in 1564 finally was William Shakespeare and as we all know lived into adulthood ( Fido 11 ). April 1564 is the month in which Shakespeare was baptized but no exact birth date was ever given, but since he died close to his birthday which happened to fall on the 23rd of April, the same date as St. Georges birthday, the people recognize this as his official birth date ( Loxton 10 ). The next member of the Shakespeare family was Williams brother was Gilbert and he also lived into adulthood. He was born in 1566 and later died in 1612, a fairly short life but this was common back in his time ( Kay 17 ). The next born, the second Joan in the Shakespeare family also lived to be an adult, as she was born in 1566 and later died in 1612. The 6th born child, who was Anne, died at age 8, when William was only 15. The death of his sister probably caused great pain to William and the whole family as most deaths do, and was just another loss to add to the family at that time. She was born in 1571 and later died in 1579. Richard Shakespeare, named after his grandfather, was the 7th born and also lived into adulthood, but by no means was it a long adult life. I lived till 1613 and was born in 1574. The last child, Edmund, like Richard was also named after a relative in the family. He was named after his uncle Edmund on his mothers side. Edmund also like Richard didnt live a very long adult life, living only a mere 28 years. Richard lived from 1580 till 1608. This was the immediate family to William Shakespeare and undoubtedly influenced his life a great deal, as all families do ( Lee 18-19 ).The most important figure in Shakespeares childhood life was, undoubtedly his father, John Shakespeare. In 1551, John Shakespeare left Snitterfield, which was his birthplace, to seek a career in the neighboring town of Stratford-Upon-Avon ( Lee 4 ). At one point John Shakespeare purchased 500 pounds of wool

THE PERSUASIVE SPEECH Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

THE PERSUASIVE SPEECH - Essay Example As we know, those who oppose gun control usually highlight the necessary for self-protection. They also maintain that individuals with guns would ensure self defense when police fail to provide protection to general public. However, evidently gun is not devised to threaten or injure someone but to kill. Hence, the free use of guns must be banned despite the so called benefits. In the first place, once gun becomes a common utensil like knife or pen nobody will take serious care of it. Evidences show that guns are very often misused by everyone especially school children, for when they get emotionally upset, instead of seeking some counseling measures, they tend to pick parent’s gun and shoot at their peers and teachers. As reported in the New York Times dated May 2, 2011, in the 90s, the number of children carrying guns to the school was more than 10, 0000 in the US (School Shootings). In the same way, the overall murder rate of the United States is â€Å"six times higher than the average economically developed nation† (Carter 4). It is also reported by Cleck that â€Å"both gun carrying and gun violence are phenomena almost entirely confined to world outside schools† (qtd. in â€Å"Texas Plan for guns..†). The statistics clearly shows the incidents like shooting in a college of Alabama killing one woman wounding three on April 7th 2011. The killing of 12 elementary school students by a gun man in Rio De Jeniro, Brazil on April 8th stands on the top of all such incidents (School shootings, May 2, 2011). The practice of allowing children to get access to guns is not digestible for common sense. Some others argue that since criminals have guns, the public also must be given guns to counter balance the situation. There are people who have the license to use guns. But still there are incidents like bank robbery and house breaking. If the license to use guns would well tackle

Event Management Hosting a variety show event Reflective Report Essay

Event Management Hosting a variety show event Reflective Report - Essay Example The choice of the venue came along on consideration of how strategic is the reception in terms of probable customers. With the team cooperating, the event was a success and it was a joy to meet most of the objectives. The cake sale activity was planned urgently by our team to evaluate how best we can manage an event with little time to prepare. It was worth trying and putting in practice skills acquired in class, in real life scenario, having learnt the concepts of event management. The activity was in place at the university reception with the aim of making one of the successful activities of the group. Detailed in this report are the experiences, reflections and the lessons in the event. It consists of the objectives of the team, description of the activities, and how the team members managed the event and the skills attained. The report also describes the event, the objectives, the venue, participants, budget, and the execution of the activity and the evaluation of the whole activity. Spurred on with the target of setting a record in such an event, we split the team into four to cover specific tasks. I was voted the project manager to be responsible for overseeing the entire event and making sure that every group is on top of their task. The first group was to organize on how to get the cakes from the suppliers, Sweet Cakes Company into the venue. The second group was to make arrangements of the venue and ensure cleanliness in the day of the event. They were also to set up the tables to place the cakes. The third group (marketing group) had the responsibility of marketing the event in terms of distributing posters about the event all over the university. The fourth group was to take on the selling responsibility and taking customers through the brands. In every activity, setting out objectives is a major step towards achieving the desired goals or results (Damm, 2012). Setting objectives helps

Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Technology Impact

Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Technology Impact THE IMPACT OF CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY ON INFORMATION AND STRATEGY IN THE RETAIL Industry EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: This report examines CRMs impact on information use and strategy in the retail sector. Regarding CRMs impact on information use the reports reveal that CRMs data warehousing, automation, mining, knowledge management and knowledge sharing capabilities have significantly impacted how organisations retain, share and disseminate information to relevant areas of the business. Key information on buying trends, customer profiles can be elicited so that appropriate modifications can be made regarding pricing, product, promotional and other elements to provide enhanced products and services. CRM, for many retail organisations, has meant information is now used as a source of competitive advantage. Examining CRMs impact on strategy, the report illustrates through the MIT90s framework that strategic alignment between CRM technology and the organisations structure, its strategy, its people and culture is essential for technology to be integrated effectively. The reports findings reveal numerous barriers to CRM. These centre on an over focus on the technical-requirements than on business strategy, a lack of cross-functional coordination, failure to support monitor and evaluate CRM performance, an unreceptive organisational culture to technological change and an inability to see CRM implementation from a holistic approach. An unwillingness to share information and knowledge was also highlighted as a potential inhibitor to unlocking CRM potential. Evidence illustrates that barriers essentially fall under a strategic misalignment between technology, structure, strategy or culture of an organisation. In response, a number of recommendations to aid retail organisations in unlocking CRM potential are provided. These include: a holistic perspective towards CRM implementation; a focus on strategic alignment between CRM and the organisations strategy, structure, individuals and culture; a CRM strategy, outlining its strategic objectives; understan ding the organisations data needs; encouraging organisational agility to provide a more adaptable structure that CRM technology can be integrated more easily into; introducing tailored recruitment and training programs to foster the right CRM competencies backed with an effective incentive system and the facilitating a communal culture organisational culture emphasising teamwork, empowerment, communication, innovation and a strong customer orientation. INTRODUCTION: With managing customer relationships now central to organisational success (Kohli et al, 2001; OHalloran, 2003; Nguyen et al, 2007), developing long-term customer relationships through user enabling Customer Relationship Management (CRM) technology has moved to the ‘top of the corporate priority list for many retail organisations (Smith, 2006:87). But what precisely are the direct implications CRM has on information and on strategy? and why is that many CRM projects in the past have failed? What can retail organisations do to ensure CRM success? It is these areas that this report seeks to explore within a retail sector context. The author has selected to investigate these areas in a retail sector context due to its sheer growth, impact and scale of usage within this industry (Anon, 2009). It has revolutionised the way retail companies utilise data to identify key information trends and thus elicit and apply this knowledge to potentially increase profits (Miller, 1999). The repo rts main body is therefore split into two sections, with section one examining the impact CRM technology has on information use and section two, using the MIT90s framework, exploring the potential consequences CRM has on strategy for retail organisations. Lastly, barriers associated to successful CRM implementation are considered and recommendations presented as to how retail organisations can fully unlock and capitalise on their CRM capabilities. SECTION 1: USE OF TECHNOLOGY The following section provides an explanation of CRM from a theoretical standpoint, through an analysis of literature definitions and a practical one, in terms of hardware, software and data structures. 1.1 Explanation of Technology The range of CRM definitions emerging over the years have provided many interpretations of what precisely CRM is and does (McKie, 2000). Broader, arguably looser definitions view CRM as a natural progression from relationship marketing (Light, 2001), where ‘information systems†¦enable organisations to realise a customer focus (Bull, 2005:593). Richer, complex definitions view CRM technology enabling organisations via the utilisation of customer related information to ‘foster closer relationships with their customers (Levine, 2000; Hsieh, 2009:416). More specifically, McNally (2007:169) defines CRM as a ‘strategic process addressing all aspects associated with identifying customers, creating customer knowledge, building customer relationships, and shaping organisation and product perceptions. Nguyen (et al, 2007:103) echoes this, but provides a more simplified version, ‘CRM is a strategic process that helps companies better understand their customers needs so they can provide these needs to their customers at the right time while improving the companys processes. The emphasis on strategic process in the former two definitions fits particularly well when explaining how CRM works in the retail sector in terms of hardware, software and data structures. Here transactional data from EPOS sales systems, web systems, sales contact systems systems and loyalty schemes (data) through automated data capture is sent to the client server mainframe at head office (hardware) where an analysis of relationships (using software) is conducted (Mutch, 2008). It is then data warehoused and structured in a way that allows the user (with the use of CRM tools) to extract patterns and relationships on important trends, such as information on particular customer profile groups and their purchasing habits, average spend, preference for offers etc. This can then be utilised to identify potential ways of improving profitability and disseminated back to relevant departments. 1.2 Impact of CRM on Information use in the Retail Sector The following section analyses CRM technologys impact on information use in the retail sector. Information here is broken down into three main elements: data; being raw statistics, symbols, numbers, information; processed data considered and knowledge; the application of data and information (Beynon-Davies, 2009). The relationship between one another is also presented throughout. 1.2.1 Impact of CRM on data use A. Provided more efficient and effective use of data, through warehousing, mining and cross-functional integration. CRMs capability for integrating multiple databases across different areas of the retail organisation has impacted data use in the sense that it has enabled users to have access to real time, relevant and accurate customer data. Fallon (2008) and Kaplan (2009) indicate that CRM allows retail companies to absorb raw customer data from multiple sources and integrate it into a centralised CRM system. There it is warehoused and later mined so important trends and information can be elicited and utilised (as applied knowledge) to improve customer relationships (Park and Kim, 2003; Chowdhury, 2009). Where CRMs impact on data use lies is that through data warehousing, users with the aid of CRM mining tools, can analyse masses of real time transactional data such as sales amount, transaction time, place and buyer and non-transactional data, such as customer inquiries/feedback and separate this out into key information on product lines, pricing and customer profile and trends, down to each spe cific retail department and individual store (Miller, 1999). They can then filter back important information and knowledge to management and staff so that the right people at different organisational levels have the necessary know-how to provide enhanced levels of customer service, solve problems and increase profitability (Park and Kim, 2003). B. Negatively impact as a form of customers surveillance Amid growing concerns over data sensitivity and the increasing cross-referencing sale of data CRM has negatively impacted data use (Bodenberg, 2001: Mutch 2008). Literature indicates that CRM technology, with its capability to collect vast amounts of customer data for own strategic purposes, has led to a mass surveillance and monitoring of customer behaviour (Park and Kim, 2003). Consequently, data access and exchange has become more restricted due to stringent data protection legislation and company guidelines over the storage, access and lawful use of personnel customer information (Mutch, 2008). 1.2.2 Impact of CRM on information use A. Information now used as a source of competitive advantage†¦using real time data and information enable a real time response A CRM system allows retail organisations to pull all the transactional and non transactional data together and through the use of CRM tools, extracts key information critical to help coordinate sales, marketing, and customer service departments to better and faster serve customers needs (Smith 2006). In the retail industry CRM has particularly impacted on the way information is used to formulate customer profiles. Organisations can now quickly identify who there customers are, what they buy, how often, the quantities in which they buy etc and use this information to modify pricing, product or service offerings and other elements such as customer service to create an in-depth understanding of customer needs and provide fair value to all customers (Park and Kim, 2003). Put simply, CRM has impacted information use in that users can quickly provide comprehensive summary reports on critical business information to make informed decisions and responses to reduce costs and increase profitab ility at a much faster rate (McLuhan, 2001). 1.1.3 Impact of CRM on how knowledge is used A. CRM impacts on organisations potential for improving knowledge retention, management and sharing†¦.knowledge as a resource Literature advocates that CRM has enhanced organisations ability to share and utilise knowledge (Krebs, 1998; Fan and Ku, 2010). Reychav (2009:235) concurs CRM has improved ‘employees ability to share knowledge both tacit and explicit and thus develop a customer orientation right throughout the business. This is supported by Krebs (1998) although he argues that codifying and storing tacit knowledge to be a much more intricate process. Irrespective, a wealth of evidence indicates CRM has changed the way knowledge is used in terms of how it is shared (Krebs, 1998). For example, in the retail sector, knowledge on particular buying habits of customer groups can be stored on a CRM system at head office where it is accessed by relevant departments (marketing, accounts, sales) who design appropriate promotional deals or joint offers on product lines to increase sales and profitability. This ‘knowledge can than be disseminated to appropriate retail outlets/stores to be implemente d. SECTION 2: STRATEGY The following section examines CRMs impact on strategy within the retail sector and begins with a short outline of the key issues of CRM that prevent CRM from fulfilling its potential capabilities in practice. These are conceptualised in the following sections using Scott-Mortons (1991) MIT90s framework (see below), which stresses strategic alignment and integration of CRM technology within all areas of the business is essential to capitalise on CRM potential. 2.1 Context The key issues of implementing CRM technology and its impact on business strategy are: 1. Strategic alignment between CRM technology and business retail strategy 2. Ensuring the organisations structure works synonymously with CRM technology 3. The provision of individual training, recruitment and within this revised job descriptions to ensure the development of necessary competencies to maximise CRM potential 4. How organisational culture positively or negatively affect an organisations and its employees ability to use information elicited from CRM technology These are now explored in more depth in the following sections using the MIT90s framework model illustrated below. 2.1 Strategy History is littered with past CRM failures, Carsdirect.com (Anon, 2000) and Lexmark (Songini, 2002) being perfect examples. McLuhan (2001) and Ramsey (2003) indicate most CRM failures are due to focusing overly on technical-requirements (technological determinism) rather than on the business strategy and the organisations needs. A lack of cross functional coordination, failure to support monitor and evaluate CRM performance and a failure to approach CRM implementation from a holistic approach are some of the other cited reasons as to why CRM projects fail (McLuhan, 2001; Bull, 2003). Other academics argue an unreceptive organisational culture to technological change coupled with an unwillingness to share information and knowledge as inhibitors to unlocking the potential benefits that CRM offers (Kotorov, 2003; Pavlovets, 2005). Essentially the problems cited by literature come under the central issue of strategic alignment, a notion stressed in Henderson and Venkatramans (1993) Strategic Alignment Model and Turbans, et al. (1999) cultural model, though arguably conceptualised to greater effect in the MIT90s framework (Scott-Morton, 1991) which is predominantly the main framework used in this report. The model advocates that for IT change to be successful, technology must be aligned to the company as a whole, so that organisational strategy, infrastructure, existing technology, individual roles, training programs, management and the organisations culture work synonymously with each other (Scott-Morton, 1991). Macredie et al. (1998), supports this perspective, concurring that CRM success is dependent on alignment between organisational strategy, structure and culture. Misalignment between these areas prevents CRM from fully delivering its potential capabilities. For example, if a retail organisations structur e restricts CRM access to marketing and senior management only than it is unlikely that crucial information will be fed down to middle management and employees at operational level (those who interact with customers on a day to day basis) who require it most. Conversely, if the CRM system is not complemented with a recruitment and training policy that is designed to source and develop core competencies required to use CRM technology efectively, than it will most likely fail. Thus, a strategically aligned approach to information strategy (see appendix figure 1), ensuring information systems strategy, information management strategy, information technology strategy and information resource strategy are connected to each other and the overall organizations strategy is a critical success factor for integrating CRM effectively throughout the organisation (Earl, 2000; Van Bentum, 2005). The following sections now turn towards ensuring alignment within other areas of the organisation. 2.2 Structure Numerous writers cite the sheer importance of aligning organisational structure with strategy, technology, the environment and its organisational culture (Mintzberg, 1989; Miller, 1989). In other words, to maximise your IT capabilities, an organisations structure must fit with its environment (Burns and Stalker, 1991; Senge, 1994). Over the years, this has led many retail organisations to shift away from traditional large-scale bureaucratic and hierarchical organisational forms to less traditional divsionalised structures facilitated by business process reengineering. However, evidence suggests such structures not only lose the benefits associated with large-scale bureaucratic organisations such as functional specialism and data interpretation from middle level managers, but also often fail to build strong links between divisions of the business, leading to a loss of shared core competencies and knowledge (Mabey, Saloman and Storey, 2001; Mutch, 2008). Literature is therefore indicat ive neither structure is particularly appropriate when integrating CRM technology. More recently, de-structured organisational forms, with an emphasis on high performance, knowledge creation and the empowerment of teams reflect a more suitable organisational structure in aiding retail organisations to elicit the potential their CRM application offers (Mabey, Saloman and Storey, 2001). Here, structure is built with speed, integration, innovation and flexibility in mind and an adhoc, boundaryless approach more receptive to technology change is instilled throughout the organisation. This encourages a free flowing information exchange throughout strategic, tactical and operational levels, structuring the organisation in a way where senior and middle management staff at retail organisations disseminate key important information and knowledge to employees at operational level. Where CRM role comes into play, is that it can be used to support these networked/lattice forms of organisations (Zuboff, 1988). It therefore appears that organisational agility, termed by Gunneson (1997:3) as ‘a flat, fast, flexible organisation, with continuous interaction, support, and communications among various disciplines, with highly decentralized management that recognises what its knowledge base is and how it can manage that base most effectively, is an essential component of structure. To achieve this, retail organisations must adopt a lattice/network like structure that has a mix of stability and flexibility to support the organisations capabilities and the empowerment of team working through cross functional teams with a focus on developing the collective intelligence of teams to meet the complexity of the dynamic environment (see Lorrimar, 1999). Such a structure is typically flat with large spans of control, features lateral communication and helps develop and maintain a project teamwork ethos and customer focus to ensure decision-making is guided by customer satisfaction (Friesen, 2005:33 ). This increases employee involvement, enhances communication, speeds up decision-making and breaks down boundaries thus enhancing flexibility and capacity to adapt (Clayton, 2006). 2.3 Roles Literature advocates that it is organisational peoples use of CRM, not the technology itself, which is where organisations truly capitalise on opening up CRMs full capabilities (McNally, 2007:169). Accordingly, recruitment, job descriptions and individual training should be amended in order to ensure the retail organisations have the right processes and programs in place to ascertain the competencies needed to utilise CRM technology. Job specifications for staff or ‘librarians accessing CRM should be amended to encourage a proactive approach towards their duties (Owens, Wilson and Abell, 1996). In addition, selection criteria should be adjusted to identify candidates who possess CRM capabilities through IT/CRM related qualification/certificates or direct experience gained through previous employment. Various levels of CRM training programs tailored to each department, and manager should be introduced and should centre on themes which retail procedure and policies regarding data analysis (McKean, 1999), communication competence, such as the use of emails (Ciaborra and Patriotta, 1996) and the ethical use of information to protect the identification of individual customers (Mason, Mason and Culnan, 1995), as well as CRM operational and functional use and how it works across the organisation (Mutch, 2008). The above changes should help retail organisations foster the necessary competencies to ensure CRMs correct use throughout the organisation (Alter, 2009). It is argued that these changes (jobs, processes and a lattice/network like structure), supporting richer communication and information sharing, allow workers to become informated by CRM and view the organisation in its totality, making information and processes once hidden, transparent (Zuboff, 1988). 2.4 Culture Different aspects of organisational culture impact CRM use both positively and negatively in numerous ways. Van Bentum, (2005) analysis of organisational culture distinguishes between several variants of culture. Of these more ‘mercenary (characterised by heavy inward competition and intense internal and external rivalry) types of culture, often lend themselves to a communication framework that does not match with the knowledge management, knowledge retention and sharing capabilities that CRM offers. This impacts CRM use negatively, creating reluctance on behalf of the individual to use a system that transfers their core knowledge to an internal ‘rival. It is this mismatch between culture and technology that is why many CRM projects fail. Such organisational cultures restrict CRMs knowledge sharing capability and discourage its use by workers (Van Bentum, 2005). Sub-cultures operating within departments or functions of the organisation are also seen to negatively hinder C RM use, often displaying resistance and an unwillingness to change and adapt to CRMs integration (Leverick, et al. 1998). In illustrating a more positive impact culture can have on CRM use, Van Bentum, (2005) advocates a ‘communal culture based on openness, innovation and continuous learning. Here culture positively impacts CRM in the sense that it is embraced by organisational people with a clear customer orientation, who in turn seek to utilise its capabilities to the fullest in their day-to-day activities. It is this type of culture that retail sector organisations currently operating a ‘mercenary type culture, should move towards. Another cultural aspect impacting CRM use is that organisational peoples belief system regarding CRM ease-of-use and usefulness can have a significant impact on its performance highlighted (Avlontis and Panagopoulous, 2005). If perceived useful and easy-to-use, CRM leads to performance improvements. Conversely, if perceived as not useful and difficult to use, CRM will have little impact on performance and on fulfilling its strategic objectives (Avlontis and Panagopoulous, 2005). The above cultural impacts on CRM use are indicative of a clear correlation between the type of organisational culture and IT performance (Davis, 1989; Avlontis and Panagopoulous, 2005). Literature indicates that retail organisations (particularly management spearheading/championing CRM) must nurture a communal CRM culture through an environment of teamwork, innovation, trust and a receptiveness towards CRM technology in order to ensure its embracement throughout the organisation (Avlontis and Panagopoulous, 2005:Van Bentum, 2005). an appropriate cultural foundation, is prerequisite to CRM success. SECTION 3: CONCLUSIONS RECOMMENDATIONS This report has sought to examine CRMs impact on information use and strategy in the retail sector, revealing some of the reasons was as to why CRM projects fail and recommendations to capitalise on CRM potential. The reports main findings and recommendations are summarised below: 3.1 KEY FINDINGS 1. CRM technology has significantly impacted the relationship between data, information and knowledge and their use in the retail industry. Data and information are now used as a source of competitive advantage. Knowledge is now seen as a resource through retention and sharing. 2. Strategic alignment is a critical for CRM success. 3. There are numerous barriers to successful CRM often attributable to a strategic misalignment (summarised in appendix figure 2). 3.2 RECCOMENDATIONS 1. A holistic perspective towards CRM implementation and strategic alignment between CRM and the organisations strategy, structure, individuals and culture is a critical for CRM success (Scott-Morton, 1991; Macredie, et al. 1998; Bull, 2003). 2. A CRM strategy, outlining its strategic objectives and a clear plan for integrating it into the organisations business processes and systems are perquisites for any successful CRM implementation project. 3. Understanding data needs and how the data will be used to extract information and elicit knowledge to increase profitability is critical. 4. Organisational agility to adapt to contextual factors such as new CRM technology is essential. De-structural changes in specific departments such as implementing flatter structures, introducing cross-functional teams and lateral communication channels is more suited to unlocking CRM potential (Lorrimar, 1999; Mabey, Saloman and Storey, 2001). 5. Organisational peoples role in how CRM is used is a major determinant of its success (McNally, 2007). Tailored recruitment and training programs to foster the right CRM competencies supported with an effective incentive system are critical (Avlontis and Panagopoulous, 2005). A communal organisational culture emphasising a strong customer orientation, teamwork, empowerment, communication, innovation, accurate expectations regarding system usage and a receptiveness towards new technology is crucial to elicit employee commitment to CRM (Van Bentum, 2005). APPENDIX * Open focussing on technical-requirements reather than on the business strategy and organisations needs (McLuhan, 2001; Ramsey, 2003) * Lack of cross functional coordination (McLuhan, 2001) * Failure to support monitor and evaluate CRM performance (McLuhan, 2001; Bull, 2003) * Failure to approach CRM implementation from a holistic approach (McLuhan, 2001; Bull, 2003) * An unreceptive organisational culture to technological change (Kotorov, 2003) and sub cultures displaying resistance and an unwillingness to change and adapt to how CRM fits into their working duties acts as a barrier to unlocking CRM potential (Leverick, et al. 1998) * An unwillingness to share information and knowledge as inhibiting CRM potential (Kotorov, 2003; Pavlovets, 2005)

Eurocentrism Essay

Eurocentrism can be defined as the idea that the Roman and Greek cultures gave rise to the modern explosion of ideas and learning. Within this idea is contained the notion that the origins of Greek culture lie strictly within the borders of what is currently considered Western Europe, making the ancestors of Western Europeans responsible for all the progress of the modern world (Dussel, 465). This idea is considered by modern historians to be false and based not on factual accounts but rather on the distortion of history by colonizers (Blaut, 10). This distortion of history is based on the Inside-Outside or Center-Periphery models of civilization which pinpoint an area of the world as the peak of civilization, and the areas outside of it as barbaric. This model depicts Greater Europe as the insider area which contained the civilized culture, and it posits a gradual diffusion of that culture to the other parts of the world surrounding it. Yet this model presents an erroneous view of the world’s process of civilization. The ideas that are based on the models above tend to identify Europe on the one hand as being civilized and making strides in scientific and technological advancement. On the other hand, this view places the world outside of Europe in a position of stagnancy, with knowledge remaining static unless ideas were learned from Europe. This idea also gives rise to an ethnocentric idea of â€Å"European† intellectualism as being the reason for the centralization of knowledge within that area. It also gives rise to the antipathetic idea of non-West European culture as necessarily consisting of inferior ideas which might be described as â€Å"savage, atavistic, uncivilized [and] evil† (Blaut, 16). The truth is very different, however, as the Greek and Roman cultures that contributed to the â€Å"civilization† of Europe must give attribution for its ideas to a wide array of cultural influences whose origins span areas as far as Africa and Asia (Dussel, 465-468). According to Dussel, Europe cannot claim Greece as a part of its earliest origins. Furthermore, during the height of Greek cultural dominance, awareness existed in the Greek world of the progressive nature of the Egyptian (African) and Turkish (Asian) civilizations (Dussel, 465; Yurco, 1). Yet, while this Greek center civilization was aware of the existence of civilized Africans and Asians, their knowledge of what is now Modern Europe was minimal and the area considered to be populated by â€Å"the uncivilized, the non-political and the non-human† (465). The idea that Greece bequeathed civilization to Rome and to Europe is false. Rather, a dichotomy existed between the Latin (West) and Greek (East) cultures, and this configuration did not include a strict conception of Europe. The Greek culture was dominated in classical times as much by the Arab (Muslim) culture as it was by the Byzantine (Christian) culture. Therefore, the Aristotelian basis of civilization was historically strongly connected to the Middle Eastern and even Asian (Turk) civilizations (466). What actually occurred to lead to the development of civilization in Europe is based on an interplay of cultures from all over the continents of Africa and Eurasia. Such thinkers as Thomas Aquinas and Albertus Magnus relied heavily on the ideas that came from the Turkish-derived Aristotelian ideas (Dussel, 466). The ideas generated by Aristotle were actually studied in what is now modern-day Iraq (Baghdad) before Aquinas became exposed to them. Indeed, Aquinas’ exposure came only after the Muslims in Spain translated these works into the Latin vernacular. The arrival of these works in Paris during the late 1100s B. C. marks the initial period in which differentiation occurs between Europe and Africa/Asia (466). The Crusades, which followed during this era, therefore may be seen as the first attempt made by Europe to become dominant in the newly differentiated territories of Africa and the East—and these campaigns might be considered failures (466). Eurocentric ideas concerning the Old World can therefore be seen to be a myth based on the colonially driven histories that have been passed down in the recent past. The failure of the Crusades might be seen as a way in which Europe itself was kept out of the civilization encompassed by the Turkish and Muslim regions, which spread their dominance from Morocco to India and even to the Philippine island of Mindanao. Even the Roman Empire, which dominated Europe for centuries, never penetrated to become the center of civilization in the African and Asian worlds (Dussel, 466). Before this time, the only empire that came close to being dominant and of Eurasian origin are the Hellenistic empires. Yet these empires are not one and the same as Europe, and never gained as large a dominance as the Muslims had after them (467). In contrast to the Eurocentric model of civilization is the strong Turkish (Muslim) civilization—historically represented by the term â€Å"Asia† (Blaut, 20). This area, which later became known as the Ottoman Empire, was dominant within its region. It even began conquering territory into south-eastern Europe, and this idea falsifies the theory of all civilization issuing from Europe. Even in the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries, European presence in the African and Asian continents was merely a matter of trade rather than dominance. The idea of a Eurocentric world actually found root only during the nineteenth century when colonization occurred in areas of the Old World (India, Asia, African and China). During this period, the multifaceted Greek culture was adopted and re-classified as European. The Greek culture is then identified with that of the Romans and then the two are placed at the center of the world’s historical civilization. It is at this point that Europe is able to emerge as the world’s intellectual benefactor. However, the fact that at this point no united â€Å"world history† existed and their location made it impossible for them to be central in providing for the surrounding territories an impetus toward civilization (468). Colonization in the nineteenth century can be seen as the chief mechanism through which Eurocentrism has been able to become dominant in global thinking. In order to maintain the colonial thrust, European colonizers were prompted to create ideologies that support the dominance that European countries had gained in their respective colonies. Religious, social, and scientific ideas that were spawned during that time gave rise to the Eurocentric ideas that are extant even in modernity. According to Blaut, â€Å"A [Christian] missionary might have great love and respect for the people among whom he or she worked, but could not be expected to believe that the culture and mind of these non-Christians was on par with that of Christian Europeans† (24). The social and legal theories being fashioned at the time were created by those who were in charge of making the policies that the theories should support. Therefore, intellectual history became biased in its outlook regarding the comparative worth of the cultures that stand alongside the European culture. However, in the disciplines of economics and anthropology ideas and truths were discovered which did not fit well with the tendency toward Eurocentrism. Such ideas as equilibrium and stasis developed in Keynesian economics. In geography, stasis was found to be a natural occurrence in regionalism. Theories of equilibrium and stability were embodied in such anthropological ideas as functionalism, while cultural relativism â€Å"declared in essence that each culture has intrinsic worth† (Blaut, 27). However, within the discipline of Anthropology, political motives can be found for publicizing the fact of cultural relativism, though tempered with a Eurocentric overtone. The notion of the intrinsic worth of the culture would have the effect of discouraging unrest, while the Eurocentric overtones would have the complementary effect of evoking gratitude in the heart of the colonists toward the colonizers (27). Overall, however, colonial indoctrination has been characterized by a teleological view of the West’s advancement, which is responsible for the benefits accorded Latin American, Asian, and African nations. Many other cultures outside of Europe experienced great progress and civilization throughout history. Yet, the result of inattention to the civilization status of Europe and other regions at other time periods has given rise to contemporary confusion surrounding these cultures. One such problem can be found in the misunderstood racial composition of Egyptians. In fact, the analysis of the racial composition of the Egyptian royalty gives credence to the idea that multiculturalism existed in the Egyptian civilizations of the past. Peoples from lands traditionally connected with Europe became traders and settlers in Egypt—and this underscores the centrality of this civilization during the ancient times. Such centrality naturally rebuts the idea behind Eurocentrism. However, the fact that interbreeding led to the Europeanized features of many of the Egyptian drawings and mummies has helped fuel the myth that European cultures played all the dominant roles in the civilizations of the past (Yurco, 2). Eurocentrism involves the idea that civilization was generated from a European center and somehow diffused to the other areas of the world. This idea finds its strength in the recent dominance that Europeans have had in the several continents of the world. Colonialism needed justification, and the method by which this was done involved the creation of ideas and systems that placed Europeans at the forefront of history. It involved the Europeanization of the Greek cultures and the oversimplification of the factors leading up to the current socio-political state of the world. Furthermore, the fact that world history has been written down and propagated mainly during the period European dominance has facilitated the Eurocentrism that can now be seen in the historical understanding of the world.

Blue Collar Jobs Essay

In the current economic situation in the U.S, graduating high school and going off to college for a degree has pretty much become the goal for most of the students here in the United States. According to the Institute of Education Sciences, studies have shown that between 1999 and 2009, the number of students in the United States perusing a degree in college full time has risen by almost 45% while part time students increased by 28%. With the vast expanding number of students, the number of job openings for these certain fields are simply not enough to provide every graduate with a job. Because of this problem the unemployment rates are staggeringly high here in the United States which includes the 44% those coming out of college. (Rampell) Take Kyle Bishop for example. Currently 24, he has been waiting tables, delivering beer, and working at a bookstore since 2009 when he graduated from the University of Pittsburgh. (Rampell) Stories like this arise every day and only more appear. It will eventually affect future college students pursuing a degree and those who return to study to obtain a degree. Despite these stories however, many companies have been seeking employees to fill up positions for months to years. Many of these jobs have included machinist, welder, and many more in manufacturing, hence blue collar jobs. Now you may be thinking, how can companies not fill up position for manual labor? But with the pace of the advancement of technology in modern society, machinery has become more complicated and requires a higher skill cap to use compared to before while the number of workers with the skill to operate them has been dwindling. In the North Dakota oil fields, there is a 30% shortage of petroleum engineers and a 10% shortage of machinists that the companies simply cannot find enough workers with the skillsets to fill up these positions. According to news article from the Dallas Morning News the workforce is very skilled but they’re mostly people with experience who are soon to retire. It seems like jobs can’t be found without experience and experience can’t be gained without a job however, many say vocational school may become a solution. Students will be able to gain experience by learning about certain jobs in the field and acquiring the skills required without the need of actually finding a job. More people would become qualified to take over the empty positions and those soon to be empty as people begin to retire and more skilled workers join the workforce which could ease the unemployment rates. Every move made can affect the future of the United States economy and the future workers. Education is certainly very important but obtaining skills to work certain jobs is probably one of the most important factors in getting a job.

China s Largest Population On Earth - 1727 Words

Introduction China is home to the largest population on Earth and they have experienced dramatic growth during their recent history. China’s GDP in 1952 was a mere 67.9 billion USD which has grown to 10.87 trillion USD today. This GDP growth is mirrored and positively correlated with China’s tremendous population growth. China has experienced a population growth from under 552 million in 1950 to nearly 1.4 billion today. This tremendous growth has brought about an increased dependence on the advanced production of food in China. In order to feed this growing population farmers have been forced to effectively grow their crops and increase their cultivation per square meter for their farm land. Food has been a staple part of the†¦show more content†¦In October of 2005 the preserved remains of ancient noodles were discovered at the Lajia archaeological site which sits on the second terrace of the Yellow River near Qinghai. These noodles where a revolutionar y find allowing anthropologists to further research ancient Chinese food. The noodles were made from foxtail and broom corn millet and were preserved for thousands of years in the rock. From these findings it is clear that grain based noodles have been a staple part of the Chinese diet for thousands of years. During the time frame from around 2070 BC to 221 BC five chief grains made up the staple diet of the Chinese. This time period included the Xia, Shang, Zhou dynasties and the Warring States Period is commonly referred to as â€Å"the period of five grains.† Anthropologists and historians have found and studied many different records that argue over which grains were in fact a part of the five grains. According the Classic of Rites which was comprised by Confucius and his followers during the 6th century the five staple grains included soybeans, rice, proso millet, foxtail millet, and wheat. Scholars argue over the which grains were a part of the traditional five. Another version of the Classic of Rights replaces rice with hemp. Before the rise of Confucius there was no prior record of the way that the Chinese cooked their food. Confucius through his teaching and wisdom laid the groundwork and developed the normsShow MoreRelatedGlobal Climate Change Causes And Effects On The Environment And The World s Oceans916 Words   |  4 Pagesgas concentrates in the atmosphere, the earth becomes warmer. Water vapor, carbon dioxide, and methane are the gases that lead to the greenhouse effect. Pollution of the earth causes damage to the ozone layer in the atmosphere, and it’s easy for the sun rays to pass in the earth. Global climate change causes a negative impact on the environment and the world’s oceans. Global climate change causes many problems for the planet. The population growth of earth is 7.125 billion. 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